Last Update: 20.01.2002


Copyright: Huckenbeck/Scheil: The Distribution of the Human DNA-PCR Polymorphisms, Supplement 98/99/00/01/02/03/04
 

POLYMARKER (LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC)

Systems

LDLR

GYPA

HBGG

D7S8

GC

Alleles

A

B

A

B

A

B

C

A

B

A

B

C

Population

Ref.

n

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Europe

Basques (pooled)

 

516

0.4691

0.5309

0.5369

0.4631

0.5243

0.4728

0.0029

0.5185

0.4815

0.3285

0.0998

0.5717

Basques (Spain)

(1)

208

0.4375

0.5625

0.5144

0.4856

0.5337

0.4591

0.0072

0.5745

0.4255

0.3389

0.0962

0.5649

Basques (autochthonous, Spain)

(2)

206

0.5243

0.4757

0.5413

0.4587

0.5243

0.4757

0.0000

0.5146

0.4854

0.3301

0.1044

0.5655

Basques (autochthonous, Spain)

(64)

102

0.4220

0.5780

0.5740

0.4260

0.5050

0.4950

0.0000

0.4120

0.5880

0.3040

0.0980

0.5980

Germany (pooled)

 

1701GC:1699

0.4202

0.5798

0.5520

0.4480

0.5182

0.4733

0.0085

0.6078

0.3922

0.2850

0.1428

0.5723

Germany (Bochum, Essen, Recklinghausen)

(59)

80 GC: 78

0.5130

0.4880

0.5250

0.4750

0.5250

0.4750

0.0000

0.6130

0.3880

0.3210

0.1540

0.5260

Hungary (Roma)

(55)

135

0.4190

0.5810

0.6930

0.3070

0.3590

0.6370

0.0040

0.7850

0.2150

0.2670

0.1440

0.5890

Italy (pooled)

 

931

0.4364

0.5641

0.5441

0.4559

0.4683

0.5199

0.0117

0.6038

0.3973

0.2867

0.1606

0.5527

Italy

(47)

200

0.4725

0.5275

0.5450

0.4550

0.4375

0.5500

0.0125

0.5350

0.4650

0.3025

0.1625

0.5350

Italy

(49)

157

0.4680

0.5350

0.5350

0.4650

0.4395

0.5446

0.0159

0.6369

0.3631

0.2484

0.1656

0.5860

Italy (North-West, Piedmont)

(54)

100

0.4400

0.5600

0.5400

0.4600

0.4500

0.5450

0.0050

0.6350

0.3650

0.3050

0.1550

0.5400

Poland (pooled)

 

307

0.4170

0.5830

0.6223

0.3777

0.5313

0.4687

0.0000

0.6536

0.3464

0.2950

0.1143

0.5910

Poland (South)

(44)

102

0.4310

0.5690

0.6270

0.3730

0.5540

0.4460

0.0000

0.6810

0.3190

0.2650

0.1230

0.6130

Portugal (pooled) (Azores and Madeira Islands not included)

 

662

0.4246

0.5754

0.5394

0.4606

0.5083

0.4760

0.0166

0.5958

0.4042

0.3043

0.1458

0.5499

Portugal (Alentejo)

(52)

89

0.4610

0.5390

0.6240

0.3760

0.4890

0.4940

0.0170

0.6350

0.3650

0.3260

0.1290

0.5450

Portugal (Algarve)

(52)

31

0.3060

0.6940

0.4840

0.5160

0.5160

0.4350

0.0480

0.6770

0.3230

0.2740

0.2260

0.5000

Portugal (Estremadura)

(52)

187

0.4200

0.5800

0.5160

0.4840

0.5320

0.4630

0.0050

0.6040

0.3960

0.2750

0.1420

0.5830

Portugal (Azores Islands)

(52)

58

0.5090

0.4910

0.4480

0.5520

0.5170

0.4660

0.0170

0.5430

0.4570

0.2410

0.1720

0.5860

Portugal (Madeira Island)

(52)

149

0.3990

0.6010

0.5170

0.4830

0.4230

0.5600

0.0170

0.6070

0.3930

0.2620

0.1850

0.5540

Spain (pooled) (without Canary Isles)

 

2241

0.4481

0.5519

0.5184

0.4816

0.4961

0.4951

0.0090

0.5535

0.4465

0.3137

0.1590

0.5273

Spain (North-East)

(18, 42)

197

0.4568

0.5432

0.5279

0.4721

0.4467

0.5381

0.0152

0.5508

0.4492

0.3071

0.1675

0.5254

Spain (Andalusia)

(65)

235

0.4553

0.5447

0.5043

0.4957

0.4872

0.4979

0.0149

0.5574

0.4426

0.3106

0.1766

0.5128

Spain (Central)

(66)

315

0.4333

0.5667

0.5364

0.4636

0.4873

0.5048

0.0079

0.5712

0.4288

0.3196

0.1535

0.5269

Spain (Central Pyrenees)

(46)

106

0.4950

0.5050

0.5240

0.4760

0.5240

0.4720

0.0050

0.4620

0.5380

0.3540

0.1650

0.4810

Spain (Teruel)

(46)

99

0.4490

0.5510

0.5350

0.4650

0.4040

0.5860

0.0100

0.5660

0.4340

0.3790

0.1110

0.5100

Spain (Zaragoza)

(67)

166

0.4428

0.5572

0.5075

0.4925

0.5099

0.4876

0.0025

0.5174

0.4826

0.3284

0.1269

0.5448

America, North

USA (Afroamericans) (pooled)

 

736

0.1998

0.8002

0.5087

0.4913

0.4368

0.2395

0.3241

0.6475

0.3525

0.0956

0.7270

0.1774

USA (Afroamericans)

(57)

206

0.1940

0.8060

0.4760

0.5240

0.4300

0.2380

0.3330

0.6630

0.3370

0.0870

0.7500

0.1630

USA (Afroamericans, New Jersey)

(51)

285

0.1740

0.8260

0.5330

0.4670

0.4120

0.2550

0.3330

0.6490

0.3510

0.1070

0.7160

0.1770

USA (Caucasoids) pooled

 

611

0.4324

0.5676

0.5450

0.4550

0.4756

0.5189

0.0058

0.5981

0.4019

0.2882

0.1536

0.5579

USA (Caucasoids)

(57)

199

0.4350

0.5650

0.5330

0.4670

0.4850

0.5150

0.0000

0.5700

0.4300

0.3070

0.1530

0.5400

USA (Caucasoids, New Jersey)

(51)

164

0.4120

0.5880

0.5640

0.4360

0.4360

0.5610

0.0030

0.6280

0.3720

0.2680

0.1400

0.5910

USA (Caucasoids, New York City, Hasidic Jewish subpopulation)

(45)

111

0.4400

0.5600

0.5700

0.4300

0.3500

0.6400

0.0100

0.5200

0.4800

0.2800

0.1400

0.5800

USA (Caucasoids, New York City, non-Hasidic Jewish subpopulation

(45)

109

0.3900

0.6100

0.5800

0.4200

0.4300

0.5500

0.0200

0.6000

0.4000

0.2800

0.1700

0.5500

USA (Hispanics) (pooled)

 

626

0.4764

0.5241

0.6063

0.3937

0.3747

0.5840

0.0415

0.5998

0.4002

0.2309

0.2650

0.5041

USA Southwestern Hispanics

(57)

208

0.4670

0.5340

0.6350

0.3650

0.3340

0.6470

0.0190

0.5870

0.4130

0.2070

0.2690

0.5240

USA (Hispanics, New Jersey)

(51)

128

0.4690

0.5310

0.5740

0.4260

0.4140

0.5080

0.0780

0.5230

0.4770

0.2300

0.2580

0.5120

America, Central

Costa Rica (Afro-Carribians)

(63)

72

0.3611

0.6389

0.5555

0.4445

0.4028

0.4514

0.1458

0.6944

0.3056

0.1736

0.4028

0.4236

Costa Rica (Amerindians, Bribri-Cabecars)

(63)

59

0.7288

0.2712

0.8898

0.1102

0.2966

0.6780

0.0254

0.5254

0.4746

0.1186

0.2373

0.6441

Costa Rica (Hispanic admixed individuals)

(63)

1204

0.5307

0.4693

0.6163

0.3837

0.3717

0.5706

0.0577

0.6375

0.3625

0.2006

0.2583

0.5411

America, South

Argentina (Buenos Aires)

(69)

109

0.4500

0.5500

0.6100

0.3900

0.4590

0.5320

0.0090

0.5640

0.4360

0.3210

0.2020

0.4770

Chile (Santiago)

(62)

129

0.5470

0.4530

0.5740

0.4260

0.4340

0.5310

0.0350

0.6710

0.3290

0.2290

0.1670

0.6050

Colombia (Bogotá)

(68)

151

0.6093

0.3907

0.6722

0.3278

0.4172

0.5497

0.0331

0.6225

0.3775

0.2351

0.2119

0.5530

Asia, South-West

Cyprus (Greek Cypriots)

(53)

107

0.4860

0.5140

0.5981

0.4019

0.5000

0.4673

0.0327

0.6355

0.3645

0.3178

0.1776

0.5047

Jordania

(60)

139

0.4390

0.5610

0.6330

0.3670

0.3780

0.5830

0.0390

0.6150

0.3850

0.2550

0.1940

0.5510

Oman (Sultanate)

(61)

157

0.4390

0.5610

0.6620

0.3380

0.3310

0.5670

0.1020

0.6340

0.3660

0.1820

0.2520

0.5670

United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi (Arabs)

(48)

100

0.4350

0.5650

0.7300

0.2700

0.3450

0.6050

0.0500

0.6300

0.3700

0.2000

0.2750

0.5250

Asia, Indian Subcontinent

Pakistani (living in Abu Dhabi)

(48)

100

0.4500

0.5500

0.6100

0.3900

0.5350

0.4550

0.0100

0.7400

0.2600

0.2400

0.2050

0.5550

Asia, Far East

Japan (pooled)

 

1083

0.1714

0.8286

0.5651

0.4349

0.3257

0.6743

0.0000

0.6160

0.3840

0.2627

0.5032

0.2341

Japan (Gifu Prefecture)

(43)

366

0.1872

0.8128

0.5656

0.4344

0.2896

0.7104

0.0000

0.6189

0.3811

0.2623

0.5150

0.2227

Oceania: Australia, Polynesia, Melanesia

Mariana Islands, USA (Chamorro, Guam)

(50)

97

0.2320

0.7680

0.5050

0.4950

0.2270

0.7730

0.0000

0.4590

0.5410

0.2580

0.4230

0.3200

Mariana Islands, USA (Filipino, Guam)

(50)

96

0.2920

0.7080

0.5000

0.5000

0.1820

0.8180

0.0000

0.5420

0.4580

0.2240

0.4740

0.3020

Africa

Morocco (Arabic-speaking)

(58)

144

0.3830

0.6170

0.5520

0.4480

0.3450

0.5720

0.0830

0.5760

0.4240

0.1170

0.3620

0.5210

Morocco (Berber-speaking)

(58)

41

0.3380

0.6620

0.6000

0.4000

0.3380

0.5500

0.1120

0.4880

0.5120

0.1620

0.3500

0.4880

 

References

(42) Crespillo, M., Luque, J. A., Fernández, R., Ramírez, E., García, P., Valverde, J. L. (1997) Allele frequency distributions of 13 PCR-based systems in a population from North-East Spain. Int. J. Legal Med. 110: 223-225

(43) Watanabe, Y., Yamada, S., Nagai, A., Takayama, T., Hirata, K., Bunai, Y., Ohya, I. (1997) Japanese population DNA typing data for the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 911-913

(44) Turowska, B., Sanak, M. (1998) Data on the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC in a South Polish population. Int. J. Legal Med. 111: 101-102

(45) Medintz, I., Levine, L., McCurdy, L., Chiriboga, L., Kingston, C., Crim, D., Desnick, R.J., Eng, C.M., Kobilinsky, L. (1997) HLA-DQA1 and polymarker allele frequencies in two New York City Jewish populations. J.Forensic Sci. 42: 919-922

(46) Bell, B., Budowle, B., Martinez-Jarreta, B., Casalod, Y., Abecia, E., Castellano, M. (1997) Distribution of types for six PCR-based loci; LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC and HLA-DQA1 in Central Pyrenees and Teruel (Spain). J. Forensic Sci. 42: 510-513

(47) Spinella, A., Marsala, P., Biondo, R., Montagna, P. (1997) Italian population allele and genotype frequencies for the AmpliType® PM and the HLA-DQ-alpha loci. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 514-518

(48) Tahir, M.A., Caruso, J., Budowle, B., Aziz, N., Novick, G.E. (1997) Distribution of HLA-DQa and polymarker (LDLR, GC, GYPA, HBGG, and D7S8) alleles in Arab and Pakistani populations living in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. J. Forensic Sci 42: 914-918

(49) Garofano, L., Lago, G., Vecchio, C., Pizzamiglio, M., Zanon, C., Virgili, A., Albonici, L., Manzari, V., Budowle, B. (1998) Italian population data on the polymarker system and on five short tandem repeat loci CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01, F13B, and vWA. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 837-840

(50) Budowle, B., Baechtel, F.S., Fejeran, R. (1998) Polymarker, HLA-DQA1, and D1S80 allele frequency data in Chamorro and Filipino populations from Guam. J. Forensic Sci 43: 1195-1198

(51) Jankowski, L.B., Budowle, B., Swec, N.T., Pino, J.A., Freck-Tootell, S., Corey, H.W., Schwartz, R., LaRue, E.J., Rochin, W.L., Kearney, C.J., Tarver, M.L. (1998) New Jersey Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic population data on the PCR-based loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 1037-1040

(52) Brito, R.M., Ribeiro, T., Espinheira, R., Geada, H. (1998) South Portuguese population data on the loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 1031-1036

(53) Cariolou, M.A., Manoli,P., Christophorou, M., Bashiardes, E., Karagrigoriou, A., Budowle, B. (1998) Greek Cypriot allele and genotype frequencies for Amplitype® PM-DQA1 and D1S80 loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 661-664

(54) Gino, S., Robino, C., Torre, C., Iorio, M., Peruccio, D. (1999) LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC allele and genotype frequencies in the Northwest Italian population. J. Forensic Sci. 44: 171-174

(55) Woller, J., Budowle, B., Angyal, M., Füredi, S., Pádár, Z. (1998) Population data on the loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC and D1S80 in a Hungarian Romany population. Progr. Forensic Genet. 7: 381-383

(56) Zehner, R., Mebs, D., Bratzke, H. (1998) Population genetic study of the simultaneously amplified loci HLA DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC in a German population sample. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 913-914

(57) Budowle, B., Koons, B.W., Moretti, T.R. (1998) Subtyping of the HLA-DQA1 locus and independence testing with PM and STR/VNTR loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 657-660

(58) Brandt-Casadevall, C., Taroni, F., Dimo-Simonin, N., Baala, L., Sefiani, A., Mangin, P. (2000) Moroccan population alleles frequency on 9 PCR-based loci. Progr. Forensic Genet. 8: 221-223

(59) Stein, C. (1998) Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Essen, personal communication

(60) Yasin, S.R., Hamad, M., El Karmi, A. (1999): Jordanian population data on the PCR-based loci: LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC. Forensic Sci. Int. 104: 17-21

(61) Tahir, M.A., Balamurugan, K., Tahir, U.A., Amjad, M., Awin, M.B., Chaudhary, O.R., Hamby, J.E., Budowle, B., Herrera, R.J. (2000): Allelic distribution of nine short tandem repeat (STR), HLA-DQA1, and polymarker loci in an Omani sample population. Forensic Sci. Int. 109: 81-85

(62) Jorquera, H., Budowle, B. (1998) Chilean population data on ten PCR-based loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 171-173

(63) Morales, A.I., Morera, B., Jiménez-Arce, G., Sánchez-Rivera, G., Calafell, F., Barrantes, R. (2001) Allele frequencies of markers LDLR, GYPA, D7S8, HBGG, GC, HLA-DQA1 and D1S80 in the general and minority populations of Costa Rica. Forensic Sci. Int. 124: 1-4

(64) Brown, R.J., Rowold, D., Tahir, M., Barna, C., Duncan, G., Herrera, R.J. (2000) Distribution of the HLA-DQA1 and Polymarker alleles in the Basque population of Spain. Forensic Sci. Int. 108: 145-151

(65) Instituto National de Toxicologia, Departamento de Sevilla. Cited from Database of Nuclear DNA / gep-isfh

(66) Instituto National de Toxicologia, Departamento de Madrid. Cited from Database of Nuclear DNA / gep-isfh

(67) Martinez-Jarreta, B., Budowle, B., Abecia, E., Bell, B., Casalod, Y., Castellano, M. (1998) PM and D1S80 loci gene frequencies in the Zaragoza population of Northern Spain. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 1094-1096

(68) Castillo, M.J., Paredes, M., Peñuela, C., Bustos, I., Jimenez, M., Galindo, A. (1996) Determination of the allele and genotype frequencies of loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC in Bogota - Colombia. Adv. Forensic Haemogenet. 6: 503-505

(69) Padula, R.A., Gangitano, D.A., Juvenal, G.J., Budowle, B. (1999) Allele frequency in the population of Buenos Aires (Argentina) using AmpliType PM + DQA1. J. Forensic Sci. 44: 1320

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