Last Update: 20.01.2002
POLYMARKER (LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC)
|
Systems |
LDLR |
GYPA |
HBGG |
D7S8 |
GC |
|||||||||
|
Alleles |
A |
B |
A |
B |
A |
B |
C |
A |
B |
A |
B |
C |
||
|
Population |
Ref. |
n |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Europe |
||||||||||||||
|
Basques (pooled) |
|
516 |
0.4691 |
0.5309 |
0.5369 |
0.4631 |
0.5243 |
0.4728 |
0.0029 |
0.5185 |
0.4815 |
0.3285 |
0.0998 |
0.5717 |
|
Basques (Spain) |
(1) |
208 |
0.4375 |
0.5625 |
0.5144 |
0.4856 |
0.5337 |
0.4591 |
0.0072 |
0.5745 |
0.4255 |
0.3389 |
0.0962 |
0.5649 |
|
Basques (autochthonous, Spain) |
(2) |
206 |
0.5243 |
0.4757 |
0.5413 |
0.4587 |
0.5243 |
0.4757 |
0.0000 |
0.5146 |
0.4854 |
0.3301 |
0.1044 |
0.5655 |
|
Basques (autochthonous, Spain) |
(64) |
102 |
0.4220 |
0.5780 |
0.5740 |
0.4260 |
0.5050 |
0.4950 |
0.0000 |
0.4120 |
0.5880 |
0.3040 |
0.0980 |
0.5980 |
|
Germany (pooled) |
|
1701GC:1699 |
0.4202 |
0.5798 |
0.5520 |
0.4480 |
0.5182 |
0.4733 |
0.0085 |
0.6078 |
0.3922 |
0.2850 |
0.1428 |
0.5723 |
|
Germany (Bochum, Essen, Recklinghausen) |
(59) |
80 GC: 78 |
0.5130 |
0.4880 |
0.5250 |
0.4750 |
0.5250 |
0.4750 |
0.0000 |
0.6130 |
0.3880 |
0.3210 |
0.1540 |
0.5260 |
|
Hungary (Roma) |
(55) |
135 |
0.4190 |
0.5810 |
0.6930 |
0.3070 |
0.3590 |
0.6370 |
0.0040 |
0.7850 |
0.2150 |
0.2670 |
0.1440 |
0.5890 |
|
Italy (pooled) |
|
931 |
0.4364 |
0.5641 |
0.5441 |
0.4559 |
0.4683 |
0.5199 |
0.0117 |
0.6038 |
0.3973 |
0.2867 |
0.1606 |
0.5527 |
|
Italy |
(47) |
200 |
0.4725 |
0.5275 |
0.5450 |
0.4550 |
0.4375 |
0.5500 |
0.0125 |
0.5350 |
0.4650 |
0.3025 |
0.1625 |
0.5350 |
|
Italy |
(49) |
157 |
0.4680 |
0.5350 |
0.5350 |
0.4650 |
0.4395 |
0.5446 |
0.0159 |
0.6369 |
0.3631 |
0.2484 |
0.1656 |
0.5860 |
|
Italy (North-West, Piedmont) |
(54) |
100 |
0.4400 |
0.5600 |
0.5400 |
0.4600 |
0.4500 |
0.5450 |
0.0050 |
0.6350 |
0.3650 |
0.3050 |
0.1550 |
0.5400 |
|
Poland (pooled) |
|
307 |
0.4170 |
0.5830 |
0.6223 |
0.3777 |
0.5313 |
0.4687 |
0.0000 |
0.6536 |
0.3464 |
0.2950 |
0.1143 |
0.5910 |
|
Poland (South) |
(44) |
102 |
0.4310 |
0.5690 |
0.6270 |
0.3730 |
0.5540 |
0.4460 |
0.0000 |
0.6810 |
0.3190 |
0.2650 |
0.1230 |
0.6130 |
|
Portugal (pooled) (Azores and Madeira Islands not included) |
|
662 |
0.4246 |
0.5754 |
0.5394 |
0.4606 |
0.5083 |
0.4760 |
0.0166 |
0.5958 |
0.4042 |
0.3043 |
0.1458 |
0.5499 |
|
Portugal (Alentejo) |
(52) |
89 |
0.4610 |
0.5390 |
0.6240 |
0.3760 |
0.4890 |
0.4940 |
0.0170 |
0.6350 |
0.3650 |
0.3260 |
0.1290 |
0.5450 |
|
Portugal (Algarve) |
(52) |
31 |
0.3060 |
0.6940 |
0.4840 |
0.5160 |
0.5160 |
0.4350 |
0.0480 |
0.6770 |
0.3230 |
0.2740 |
0.2260 |
0.5000 |
|
Portugal (Estremadura) |
(52) |
187 |
0.4200 |
0.5800 |
0.5160 |
0.4840 |
0.5320 |
0.4630 |
0.0050 |
0.6040 |
0.3960 |
0.2750 |
0.1420 |
0.5830 |
|
Portugal (Azores Islands) |
(52) |
58 |
0.5090 |
0.4910 |
0.4480 |
0.5520 |
0.5170 |
0.4660 |
0.0170 |
0.5430 |
0.4570 |
0.2410 |
0.1720 |
0.5860 |
|
Portugal (Madeira Island) |
(52) |
149 |
0.3990 |
0.6010 |
0.5170 |
0.4830 |
0.4230 |
0.5600 |
0.0170 |
0.6070 |
0.3930 |
0.2620 |
0.1850 |
0.5540 |
|
Spain (pooled) (without Canary Isles) |
|
2241 |
0.4481 |
0.5519 |
0.5184 |
0.4816 |
0.4961 |
0.4951 |
0.0090 |
0.5535 |
0.4465 |
0.3137 |
0.1590 |
0.5273 |
|
Spain (North-East) |
(18, 42) |
197 |
0.4568 |
0.5432 |
0.5279 |
0.4721 |
0.4467 |
0.5381 |
0.0152 |
0.5508 |
0.4492 |
0.3071 |
0.1675 |
0.5254 |
|
Spain (Andalusia) |
(65) |
235 |
0.4553 |
0.5447 |
0.5043 |
0.4957 |
0.4872 |
0.4979 |
0.0149 |
0.5574 |
0.4426 |
0.3106 |
0.1766 |
0.5128 |
|
Spain (Central) |
(66) |
315 |
0.4333 |
0.5667 |
0.5364 |
0.4636 |
0.4873 |
0.5048 |
0.0079 |
0.5712 |
0.4288 |
0.3196 |
0.1535 |
0.5269 |
|
Spain (Central Pyrenees) |
(46) |
106 |
0.4950 |
0.5050 |
0.5240 |
0.4760 |
0.5240 |
0.4720 |
0.0050 |
0.4620 |
0.5380 |
0.3540 |
0.1650 |
0.4810 |
|
Spain (Teruel) |
(46) |
99 |
0.4490 |
0.5510 |
0.5350 |
0.4650 |
0.4040 |
0.5860 |
0.0100 |
0.5660 |
0.4340 |
0.3790 |
0.1110 |
0.5100 |
|
Spain (Zaragoza) |
(67) |
166 |
0.4428 |
0.5572 |
0.5075 |
0.4925 |
0.5099 |
0.4876 |
0.0025 |
0.5174 |
0.4826 |
0.3284 |
0.1269 |
0.5448 |
|
America, North |
||||||||||||||
|
USA (Afroamericans) (pooled) |
|
736 |
0.1998 |
0.8002 |
0.5087 |
0.4913 |
0.4368 |
0.2395 |
0.3241 |
0.6475 |
0.3525 |
0.0956 |
0.7270 |
0.1774 |
|
USA (Afroamericans) |
(57) |
206 |
0.1940 |
0.8060 |
0.4760 |
0.5240 |
0.4300 |
0.2380 |
0.3330 |
0.6630 |
0.3370 |
0.0870 |
0.7500 |
0.1630 |
|
USA (Afroamericans, New Jersey) |
(51) |
285 |
0.1740 |
0.8260 |
0.5330 |
0.4670 |
0.4120 |
0.2550 |
0.3330 |
0.6490 |
0.3510 |
0.1070 |
0.7160 |
0.1770 |
|
USA (Caucasoids) pooled |
|
611 |
0.4324 |
0.5676 |
0.5450 |
0.4550 |
0.4756 |
0.5189 |
0.0058 |
0.5981 |
0.4019 |
0.2882 |
0.1536 |
0.5579 |
|
USA (Caucasoids) |
(57) |
199 |
0.4350 |
0.5650 |
0.5330 |
0.4670 |
0.4850 |
0.5150 |
0.0000 |
0.5700 |
0.4300 |
0.3070 |
0.1530 |
0.5400 |
|
USA (Caucasoids, New Jersey) |
(51) |
164 |
0.4120 |
0.5880 |
0.5640 |
0.4360 |
0.4360 |
0.5610 |
0.0030 |
0.6280 |
0.3720 |
0.2680 |
0.1400 |
0.5910 |
|
USA (Caucasoids, New York City, Hasidic Jewish subpopulation) |
(45) |
111 |
0.4400 |
0.5600 |
0.5700 |
0.4300 |
0.3500 |
0.6400 |
0.0100 |
0.5200 |
0.4800 |
0.2800 |
0.1400 |
0.5800 |
|
USA (Caucasoids, New York City, non-Hasidic Jewish subpopulation |
(45) |
109 |
0.3900 |
0.6100 |
0.5800 |
0.4200 |
0.4300 |
0.5500 |
0.0200 |
0.6000 |
0.4000 |
0.2800 |
0.1700 |
0.5500 |
|
USA (Hispanics) (pooled) |
|
626 |
0.4764 |
0.5241 |
0.6063 |
0.3937 |
0.3747 |
0.5840 |
0.0415 |
0.5998 |
0.4002 |
0.2309 |
0.2650 |
0.5041 |
|
USA Southwestern Hispanics |
(57) |
208 |
0.4670 |
0.5340 |
0.6350 |
0.3650 |
0.3340 |
0.6470 |
0.0190 |
0.5870 |
0.4130 |
0.2070 |
0.2690 |
0.5240 |
|
USA (Hispanics, New Jersey) |
(51) |
128 |
0.4690 |
0.5310 |
0.5740 |
0.4260 |
0.4140 |
0.5080 |
0.0780 |
0.5230 |
0.4770 |
0.2300 |
0.2580 |
0.5120 |
|
America, Central |
||||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica (Afro-Carribians) |
(63) |
72 |
0.3611 |
0.6389 |
0.5555 |
0.4445 |
0.4028 |
0.4514 |
0.1458 |
0.6944 |
0.3056 |
0.1736 |
0.4028 |
0.4236 |
|
Costa Rica (Amerindians, Bribri-Cabecars) |
(63) |
59 |
0.7288 |
0.2712 |
0.8898 |
0.1102 |
0.2966 |
0.6780 |
0.0254 |
0.5254 |
0.4746 |
0.1186 |
0.2373 |
0.6441 |
|
Costa Rica (Hispanic admixed individuals) |
(63) |
1204 |
0.5307 |
0.4693 |
0.6163 |
0.3837 |
0.3717 |
0.5706 |
0.0577 |
0.6375 |
0.3625 |
0.2006 |
0.2583 |
0.5411 |
|
America, South |
||||||||||||||
|
Argentina (Buenos Aires) |
(69) |
109 |
0.4500 |
0.5500 |
0.6100 |
0.3900 |
0.4590 |
0.5320 |
0.0090 |
0.5640 |
0.4360 |
0.3210 |
0.2020 |
0.4770 |
|
Chile (Santiago) |
(62) |
129 |
0.5470 |
0.4530 |
0.5740 |
0.4260 |
0.4340 |
0.5310 |
0.0350 |
0.6710 |
0.3290 |
0.2290 |
0.1670 |
0.6050 |
|
Colombia (Bogotá) |
(68) |
151 |
0.6093 |
0.3907 |
0.6722 |
0.3278 |
0.4172 |
0.5497 |
0.0331 |
0.6225 |
0.3775 |
0.2351 |
0.2119 |
0.5530 |
|
Asia, South-West |
||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus (Greek Cypriots) |
(53) |
107 |
0.4860 |
0.5140 |
0.5981 |
0.4019 |
0.5000 |
0.4673 |
0.0327 |
0.6355 |
0.3645 |
0.3178 |
0.1776 |
0.5047 |
|
Jordania |
(60) |
139 |
0.4390 |
0.5610 |
0.6330 |
0.3670 |
0.3780 |
0.5830 |
0.0390 |
0.6150 |
0.3850 |
0.2550 |
0.1940 |
0.5510 |
|
Oman (Sultanate) |
(61) |
157 |
0.4390 |
0.5610 |
0.6620 |
0.3380 |
0.3310 |
0.5670 |
0.1020 |
0.6340 |
0.3660 |
0.1820 |
0.2520 |
0.5670 |
|
United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi (Arabs) |
(48) |
100 |
0.4350 |
0.5650 |
0.7300 |
0.2700 |
0.3450 |
0.6050 |
0.0500 |
0.6300 |
0.3700 |
0.2000 |
0.2750 |
0.5250 |
|
Asia, Indian Subcontinent |
||||||||||||||
|
Pakistani (living in Abu Dhabi) |
(48) |
100 |
0.4500 |
0.5500 |
0.6100 |
0.3900 |
0.5350 |
0.4550 |
0.0100 |
0.7400 |
0.2600 |
0.2400 |
0.2050 |
0.5550 |
|
Asia, Far East |
||||||||||||||
|
Japan (pooled) |
|
1083 |
0.1714 |
0.8286 |
0.5651 |
0.4349 |
0.3257 |
0.6743 |
0.0000 |
0.6160 |
0.3840 |
0.2627 |
0.5032 |
0.2341 |
|
Japan (Gifu Prefecture) |
(43) |
366 |
0.1872 |
0.8128 |
0.5656 |
0.4344 |
0.2896 |
0.7104 |
0.0000 |
0.6189 |
0.3811 |
0.2623 |
0.5150 |
0.2227 |
|
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia, Melanesia |
||||||||||||||
|
Mariana Islands, USA (Chamorro, Guam) |
(50) |
97 |
0.2320 |
0.7680 |
0.5050 |
0.4950 |
0.2270 |
0.7730 |
0.0000 |
0.4590 |
0.5410 |
0.2580 |
0.4230 |
0.3200 |
|
Mariana Islands, USA (Filipino, Guam) |
(50) |
96 |
0.2920 |
0.7080 |
0.5000 |
0.5000 |
0.1820 |
0.8180 |
0.0000 |
0.5420 |
0.4580 |
0.2240 |
0.4740 |
0.3020 |
|
Africa |
||||||||||||||
|
Morocco (Arabic-speaking) |
(58) |
144 |
0.3830 |
0.6170 |
0.5520 |
0.4480 |
0.3450 |
0.5720 |
0.0830 |
0.5760 |
0.4240 |
0.1170 |
0.3620 |
0.5210 |
|
Morocco (Berber-speaking) |
(58) |
41 |
0.3380 |
0.6620 |
0.6000 |
0.4000 |
0.3380 |
0.5500 |
0.1120 |
0.4880 |
0.5120 |
0.1620 |
0.3500 |
0.4880 |
References
(42) Crespillo, M., Luque, J. A., Fernández, R., Ramírez, E., García, P., Valverde, J. L. (1997) Allele frequency distributions of 13 PCR-based systems in a population from North-East Spain. Int. J. Legal Med. 110: 223-225
(43) Watanabe, Y., Yamada, S., Nagai, A., Takayama, T., Hirata, K., Bunai, Y., Ohya, I. (1997) Japanese population DNA typing data for the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 911-913
(44) Turowska, B., Sanak, M. (1998) Data on the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC in a South Polish population. Int. J. Legal Med. 111: 101-102
(45) Medintz, I., Levine, L., McCurdy, L., Chiriboga, L., Kingston, C., Crim, D., Desnick, R.J., Eng, C.M., Kobilinsky, L. (1997) HLA-DQA1 and polymarker allele frequencies in two New York City Jewish populations. J.Forensic Sci. 42: 919-922
(46) Bell, B., Budowle, B., Martinez-Jarreta, B., Casalod, Y., Abecia, E., Castellano, M. (1997) Distribution of types for six PCR-based loci; LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC and HLA-DQA1 in Central Pyrenees and Teruel (Spain). J. Forensic Sci. 42: 510-513
(47) Spinella, A., Marsala, P., Biondo, R., Montagna, P. (1997) Italian population allele and genotype frequencies for the AmpliType® PM and the HLA-DQ-alpha loci. J. Forensic Sci. 42: 514-518
(48) Tahir, M.A., Caruso, J., Budowle, B., Aziz, N., Novick, G.E. (1997) Distribution of HLA-DQa and polymarker (LDLR, GC, GYPA, HBGG, and D7S8) alleles in Arab and Pakistani populations living in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. J. Forensic Sci 42: 914-918
(49) Garofano, L., Lago, G., Vecchio, C., Pizzamiglio, M., Zanon, C., Virgili, A., Albonici, L., Manzari, V., Budowle, B. (1998) Italian population data on the polymarker system and on five short tandem repeat loci CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01, F13B, and vWA. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 837-840
(50) Budowle, B., Baechtel, F.S., Fejeran, R. (1998) Polymarker, HLA-DQA1, and D1S80 allele frequency data in Chamorro and Filipino populations from Guam. J. Forensic Sci 43: 1195-1198
(51) Jankowski, L.B., Budowle, B., Swec, N.T., Pino, J.A., Freck-Tootell, S., Corey, H.W., Schwartz, R., LaRue, E.J., Rochin, W.L., Kearney, C.J., Tarver, M.L. (1998) New Jersey Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic population data on the PCR-based loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 1037-1040
(52) Brito, R.M., Ribeiro, T., Espinheira, R., Geada, H. (1998) South Portuguese population data on the loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 1031-1036
(53) Cariolou, M.A., Manoli,P., Christophorou, M., Bashiardes, E., Karagrigoriou, A., Budowle, B. (1998) Greek Cypriot allele and genotype frequencies for Amplitype® PM-DQA1 and D1S80 loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 661-664
(54) Gino, S., Robino, C., Torre, C., Iorio, M., Peruccio, D. (1999) LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC allele and genotype frequencies in the Northwest Italian population. J. Forensic Sci. 44: 171-174
(55) Woller, J., Budowle, B., Angyal, M., Füredi, S., Pádár, Z. (1998) Population data on the loci HLA-DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC and D1S80 in a Hungarian Romany population. Progr. Forensic Genet. 7: 381-383
(56) Zehner, R., Mebs, D., Bratzke, H. (1998) Population genetic study of the simultaneously amplified loci HLA DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC in a German population sample. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 913-914
(57) Budowle, B., Koons, B.W., Moretti, T.R. (1998) Subtyping of the HLA-DQA1 locus and independence testing with PM and STR/VNTR loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 657-660
(58) Brandt-Casadevall, C., Taroni, F., Dimo-Simonin, N., Baala, L., Sefiani, A., Mangin, P. (2000) Moroccan population alleles frequency on 9 PCR-based loci. Progr. Forensic Genet. 8: 221-223
(59) Stein, C. (1998) Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Essen, personal communication
(60) Yasin, S.R., Hamad, M., El Karmi, A. (1999): Jordanian population data on the PCR-based loci: LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC. Forensic Sci. Int. 104: 17-21
(61) Tahir, M.A., Balamurugan, K., Tahir, U.A., Amjad, M., Awin, M.B., Chaudhary, O.R., Hamby, J.E., Budowle, B., Herrera, R.J. (2000): Allelic distribution of nine short tandem repeat (STR), HLA-DQA1, and polymarker loci in an Omani sample population. Forensic Sci. Int. 109: 81-85
(62) Jorquera, H., Budowle, B. (1998) Chilean population data on ten PCR-based loci. J. Forensic Sci. 43: 171-173
(63) Morales, A.I., Morera, B., Jiménez-Arce, G., Sánchez-Rivera, G., Calafell, F., Barrantes, R. (2001) Allele frequencies of markers LDLR, GYPA, D7S8, HBGG, GC, HLA-DQA1 and D1S80 in the general and minority populations of Costa Rica. Forensic Sci. Int. 124: 1-4
(64) Brown, R.J., Rowold, D., Tahir, M., Barna, C., Duncan, G., Herrera, R.J. (2000) Distribution of the HLA-DQA1 and Polymarker alleles in the Basque population of Spain. Forensic Sci. Int. 108: 145-151
(65) Instituto National de Toxicologia, Departamento de Sevilla. Cited from Database of Nuclear DNA / gep-isfh
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